Portugal

Portugal’s history spans thousands of years, beginning with early human settlements and significantly shaped by Roman rule. In the 12th century, the Kingdom of Portugal was established, marking the start of its independence. During the Age of Discovery in the 15th and 16th centuries, Portugal became a global maritime power, creating an empire that stretched across Africa, Asia, and the Americas. However, by the late 16th century, the country faced decline, further impacted by internal conflicts and natural disasters. The 20th century saw the rise and fall of the Estado Novo dictatorship, followed by the Carnation Revolution, which ushered in a modern democratic era. Today, Portugal stands as a progressive nation with a rich historical legacy.